Protecting device for vapor electric apparatus.



J. C. POLE.

PROTECTING DEVICE FOR VAPOR ELECTRIC APPARATUS.

. I APPL|CAT|0N FILED NOV. 13. 1912- 1,158,842. Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

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f a 11 z 2.9 WITNESSES INVENTOH Arm/m5 8 J. C. POLE.

PROTECTING DEVICE FOR VAPOR memo APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. l3, I912. 1,158,842. Patented Nov. 2, 19.15.

1 2 SHEETSSHEET Z- lNVE/VTOR WWW/1W ATTORNEYS "so made as to make the anode the cathode 'tric lamps of other types.

UNITE STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH C. POLE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,. COMPANY, HOBOKEN, NEW JERS ASSIG-NOR TO COOPER HEWITT ELECTRIC EY, A CORPORATION OF .NEW JERSEY.

PROTECTING DEVICE FOR VAPOR ELECTRIC APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

. Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

Application filed November 13, 1912. Serial No. vetoes.

To allwhom it may concern:

,Be it lmown that I, JosnPH C. POLE, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, and resident of New York, county of New York, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Protecting Devices for Vapor Electric Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

. In installing mercury vapor lamps intended for use on direct current circuits wherein the initial flow of .current is automatically set in action by temporarily bringing the electrodes into .contact and take will be made by attempting to operate the lamps-on reversed polarity. That is to say, while the electrodes of such a lamp are individualizedas anode and cathode, it may easily happen that the connections may be lamp which, together with its details, forms the subject of the present invention.

"The mechanism isshown and describedherein in connection with a so-called quartz lamp, although it is applicable to vapor elec- The invention may, indeed, with slight alterations, be applied to non-automatic mercury vapor lamps, such, for example, as those which are started by hand tilting. v

The accompanying drawings illustrate my invention, Figure 1 being a side elevation, partly sectional, of the complete structure, and Figs. 2 and 3 being detail views of the locking mechanism.

In Fig.1 the lamp proper, usually called the .burnerbor vacuum burner is shown at 1, the same beingprovided with a mer-v cury anode, 2, and a mercury cathode, 3.

The anode is connected by a flexible lead or wire, 4, with a binding post, 6, while the cathode is similarly connected by a lead or wire, 5, to a binding post, 7. The burner is I connected at one end to the back bone, 8 then interrupting the contact, thereis danger that a mis-.

' (shown at 31),

mounted on a T shaped back bone, 8, pro vided with depending flexible arms, 9 and 10, constituting vacuum burner ports one end of the lamp through the medrum of the g, 11. The other arm, 10, partly surrounds a chamber at the opposite end of the lamp and supports it by a spring action.

The support for the back bone, 8, is a rod-or arm, 12, to which, at the point 13, the back bone, 8, is pivoted. A link, 14;,

and at its opposite end to an armature, 15, is adapted to lift or to depress one end of the lamp, 1, according to the position of the armature, 15, with relation to its operating magnet, 16. The said 0 erating magnet consists of an iron core, 1' 7 two pole shoes, 18 and 19, and a coil or solenoid, 20. The armature, 15, is pivoted at 21 and is provided at its opposite end with a dash pot, 22, for damping too quick or sudden movements.

At 23 and 24 are shown two resistances.

The mechanism and the vacuum tube are supported directly or indirectly by plates, 25 and 26. The positive pole of the apparatus appears at 27 and the negative pole at 28.

he vacuum tube or burner is surrounded by a glass globe, 29; the other parts by the ventilated casing, 30, protecting the mechanism against dust and water.

In the particular type of lamp here shown the two resistance coils, the solenoid, electromagnet and the lamp burner are connected in series and the burner, when not under current, is in an inclined position. so that the mercury bridges over the tube and short circuits the two electrodes.

The operation of the lamp is as follows: When by turning on the lamp switch main lamp terminals, a starting current will flow through the resistances, the solenoid and the short circuited electrodes of the burner. The magnet, thus energized, will lift its armature and, by means of the link or tilting lever, 14, will turn the burner so that contact between the mercury electrodes .is broken and current flow starts through the lamp. The burner is kept inposition by the electromagnet so long as the lamp operates normally.

The locking mechanism is shown in detail the direct support of the or lamp. The arm, 9, sup

voltage is applied to the in Figs. 2 and 3. It consists mainly of a weight,

permanent magnet, 32, mounted on one end of a horizontal axis, 33, to the other end of which is attached a counter weight, 34L (see Fig. 3). The axis, 33, is mounted in a brass bracket, 35, which is itself secured to the iron pole piece, 18, of the 'electromagnet. The parts 32, 33 and 34 are all preferably made of steel and permanently magnetized.

The armature, 15, shown in Figs. 1 and 2 in its position of rest, is provided with a small brass bracket, 36. Against this bracket, 36, when the'armature, 15, is in its position of rest, presses the small permanent magnet, 32, the latter being arranged to stand in the middle of the angle between the armature, 15, at such times and the pole shoe, 18. This arrangement whereby the axis of the permanent magnet, 32, bisects the angle between the pole shoe and the armature, 15, in its position of rest, is of importance in securing the proper operation of the locking device, and should always be maintained. In order from becoming changed (by the counter 34, being too light, or not properly adjusted, or for some other reason), I provide the above mentioned brass bracket, 36, and make the counter weight heavy enough so that the permanent magnet, 32, in its position of rest, is always slightly pressed against the bracket, 36, whereby the proper angle of the permanent magnet 32 is fixed and determined.

The operation of the locking mechanism will now be described:

It the lamp is connected to the supply with the correct electrical polarity, the coil or solenoid, -20, of the electromagnet will, when the lamp switch, 31, is turned on, magnetize the iron core, the pole shoes, 18 and 1!), and the armature, 15, and will lift the armature to a horizontal position. The p rmanent magnet, 32, will be lifted at the same time and likewise turned to a horizontal position see dotted lines marked 320 in Fig. 2), since its lower pole is of a magnetic polarity opposite that of the pole shoe. Thus the link, 14, will be lifted and the lamp, 1, will be allowed to start. If, however, the supply of electric current be connected to the lamp with reverse polarity, the permanent magnet, 32, will not be turned to the horizontal position, but will be moved in the opposite direction (see dotted lines marked 32]. in Fig. 2), and will lock the armature, thus preventing the tilting mecha:

nism from operating and the lamp from to prevent this angle pole piece-and the said armature,

. pole shoe, 18,;and the axis of the armature,

15, no magnetic flux passes. through the permanent magnet so long as it is in the position of rest. Accordingly it is not liable to become demagnetized by the magnetic flux of the tilting magnet nor to have its magnetic polarity changed. Moreover, should the permanent magnet, 32, tend to become weaker in the course of time, during operation, properly remagnetized by the magnetic flux passing through it every time the lamp is started.

I have illustrated at 37 a reflector, which may be used or dispensed with at will.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a locking mechanism for preventing the passage of current in an electric circuit in a direction reverse to that which is desired, an electromagnet pole piece, an armature located at an angle to said pole piece and operatively connected to a translating device'adapted to be operated by current flowing through the electromagnet, in combination with a pivoted it is always having a suitable permanent magnet within the field of influence of the electromagnet, one portion of the permanent magnet lying in a position bisecting the angle between the pole piece and the armature of the electromagnet.

2;.The combination with an electromagnet, a pole piece therefor,'and an armature operated by the said magnet, of a pivoted permanent magnet a portion of which lies in a position halving the angle between the said in COIIlblnation with a counter weight for the permanent magnet and a brass bracket attached to the armature and restraining the said magnet in opposition to the action of the counter wei ht.

Slgned at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this 6th day of November A. D. 1912.

- JOSEPH O. POLE. Witnesses:

WM. H. CAPEL, THos. H. BROWN. 

